When the machine is used as a generator, the armature EMF drives the armature current, and the shaft's movement is converted to electrical power. When the machine or motor is used as a motor, this EMF opposes the armature current, and the armature converts electrical power to mechanical power in the form of torque, and transfers it via the shaft. In the armature, an electromotive force is created by the relative motion of the armature and the field. The second role is to generate an electromotive force (EMF). The first is to carry current across the field, thus creating shaft torque in a rotating machine or force in a linear machine. The armature must carry current, so it is always a conductor or a conductive coil, oriented normal to both the field and to the direction of motion, torque (rotating machine), or force (linear machine). The armature windings interact with the magnetic field ( magnetic flux) in the air-gap the magnetic field is generated either by permanent magnets, or electromagnets formed by a conducting coil. The armature can be on either the rotor (rotating part) or the stator (stationary part), depending on the type of electric machine. The armature windings conduct AC even on DC machines, due to the commutator action (which periodically reverses current direction) or due to electronic commutation, as in brushless DC motors. In electrical engineering, the armature is the winding (or set of windings) of an electric machine which carries alternating current. A partially-constructed DC armature, showing the (incomplete) windings
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